Thursday, September 22, 2016

HUMANISM

HUMANISM is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence over acceptance of dogma or superstition

DEFINITION OF TERMS AS USED HERE:
  • Agency is the capacity of a person to act in any given environment.
  • Critical thinking (also called critical analysis) is clear, rational thinking involving critique.
  • Rational thinking is thinking that is reasonable, based on facts or reason.
  •  Reason is the capacity for making sense of things, applying logic, establishing and verifying facts, and changing or justifying practices, institutions, and beliefs based on new or existing information.
  •  Critique is a method of disciplined, systematic analysis of a written or oral communications.
The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the successive intellectual movements which have identified with it. The term was coined by Friedrich Niethammer at the beginning of the 19th century.

Generally, however, humanism refers to a perspective that affirms some notion of human freedom and progress.

In modern times, humanist movements are typically aligned with secularism, and today humanism typically refers to a non-theistic centered on human agency and looking to science rather than revelation from a supernatural source to understand the world.

MORE DEFINITION OF TERMS AS USED HERE:
  • Secularism is the principle of the separation of government institutions and persons mandated to represent the state from religious institutions and religious dignitaries. One manifestation of secularism is asserting the right to be free from religious rule and teachings, or, in a state declared to be neutral on matters of belief, from the imposition by government of religion or religious practices upon its people. Another manifestation of secularism is the view that public activities and decisions, especially political ones, should be uninfluenced by religious beliefs and/or practices.
  • Revelation In religion and theology is the delusional belief that one is communicating with a deity or other supernatural entity or entities.